Course Description
Driving is a complex task that requires multiple physical and cognitive processes working in unison to perform. Age alone is not a determining factor in a person’s ability to drive safely, but many older drivers can benefit from a comprehensive driving evaluation to identify and address any existing deficits. Unfortunately, there are several barriers that limit the availability of these beneficial evaluations to the growing population of older adults.
The CODE-CCDE program model uses a unique collaborative approach to the delivery of driver services that falls within the spectrum of driver services. The spectrum of driver services was a collaborative effort by The Association for Driver Rehabilitation Specialists and AOTA to define the language and models used in driving programs. The cornerstone of this approach is ongoing training and support of participating providers (occupational or physical therapists) to ensure clinical driving evaluations are superior, rigorous, and follow established best practice guidelines.
Trained therapists in the CODE-CCDE program should be able to:
- Apply knowledge of medical conditions with implications to driving
- Assess the cognitive, visual, perceptual, behavioral and physical limitations that may impact driving performance
- Integrate the clinical findings with assessment of on-road performance
- Synthesize client and caregiver needs and assist in decisions about available options
- Coordinate with multidisciplinary providers to provide resources related to the needs of clients.
Some of our State approvals; see full list
Tuition
Clicking our "Enroll Now" links will take you to our custom training site for e-learning: https://training.code-ccde.org
From there you will select your State from the list of courses, fill out your student account information and submit the tuition payment to complete enrollment.
Once payment and enrollment are complete you will be free to begin taking the course at your own pace by logging back into the site at any time to complete the modules.
If you have any questions prior to enrolling, please email our Director of Training: Cara Harman OTD, OTR/L
Preview Course Content
If you have any questions prior to enrolling, please email our Director of Training: Cara Harman OTD, OTR/L
Clinical Driver Evaluations - 10.0 hours of Continuing Education credit
The full 10 hour certification course consists of: 5 hours of Joint Training and 5 hours of Clinical Training. Both courses are required for certification.
Click to expand the lists below:
BY THE END OF EACH SECTION/MODULE, THE PARTICIPANT WILL UNDERSTAND:
Module 101. Identifying the problem and solution
- The changing demographic landscape and how age-related changes impact driving performance
- Barriers impacting driver rehabilitation professionals and the needs to address older driver safety
- The components of the Certified Older Driver Evaluation (CODE) and how the program addresses the older driver issue
- How the CCDE program differs from CODE and be knowledgeable in its areas of focus
Module 102. Program overview
- What and who the CODE partner network consists of and be knowledgeable in each of their roles in addressing the older driver problem
- Match a client to the corresponding tier level based on their level of function and unique adaptive equipment needs
- All 7 steps of the evaluation process that coincides with the established best practice standards for the delivery of driver services through ADED
Module 103. Software overview
- The unique roles and responsibilities of the referring partners, director, managing partners, and associate partners in the CODE- CCDE process
- The use of and the benefits the CODE software questionnaires provide towards assessing a client’s overall driving fitness
Module 104. Legal Implications
- The relevant state licensing and reporting laws for the participant’s practicing state
- A general overview of the license revocation, guardianship, and power of attorney processes and their role in the CODE-CCDE program
Module 105. Mental health
- Various psychiatric disorders and how they may affect interactions with other individuals and negatively impact a person’s ability to drive
Module 106. Physical health
- Common age-related physical changes and their impact on driving performance
- Age related vision changes and common compensatory strategies used with driving restrictions
- Common vision disorders and how they can affect driving safety
- The relationship between falls and MVC risk
Module 107. Neurological disorders
- The types and impact of various neurological disorders on driving safety
- Causes of a CVA and the wide range of possible associated functional impairments
- Signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and their effect on driving performance
- Common driving characteristics and errors performed by individuals with a dementia diagnosis
Module 108. Behavioral health
- Behavioral health disorders and common behavioral factors that can affect driving performance and safety
- The effects of commonly used mind-altering substances on driving safety
- The link between prescription medications and the risk of a car accident
Module 109. Social considerations
- The importance of family/social support and their role in the driving evaluation process
- Frequent factors or causes involved in older adults giving up driving, and useful tips for counseling these individuals
Module 110. Future considerations
- Diagnoses or scenarios requiring periodic reassessment for a driving evaluation
- The importance of the clinical teams’ support of individuals after driving cessation is recommended
- The impact of driving cessation on individuals’ health and quality of life
BY THE END OF EACH SECTION/MODULE, THE PARTICIPANT WILL UNDERSTAND:
Module 200. Driving evaluation introduction
- Framework for examining factors that can influence a person’s driving performance
- Individual steps involved in driving to provide a reference throughout evaluation process
- Various components involved in clinical driving evaluation
- How to introduce driving evaluation process to clients
Module 201. Client intake and document overview
- Client intake, document review process using CODE-CCDE software
- Important driving information that should be considered during documentation review, client interview
- Common medical conditions and their potential affects on driving performance
- Medication review process and common medications that can impact driving performance
Module 202. Visual function and driving
- Visual requirements necessary for safe vs legal driving
- Components associated with visual system, usage while driving
- Evaluating visual functions essential for safe driving using common assessment tools
- Scoring, interpreting visual assessments to determine if deficits exist
- Common visual deficits, implications on driving
Module 203. Physical function and driving
- Physical components necessary for various driving tasks
- How to perform, interpret assessments of specific physical functions to determine if deficits exist
- How physical deficits can impact driving performance
- Impact of pain, fatigue, endurance on driving performance
Module 204. Cognitive function and driving
- Role of various cognitive functions necessary for safe driving performance
- Common cognitive assessment tools utilized in driving evaluations, factors to consider before administering test
- How to properly perform, score, interpret cognitive assessment tools to determine if deficits exist
- How cognitive deficits can impact safe driving performance
Module 205. Mental and behavioral health considerations
- Role of mental, behavioral health on driving performance
- How to assess clients with mental/behavioral health disorders
- Common developmental disorders, impact on driving performance
Module 206. Problem list and final steps
- Role of problem list related to evaluation, how to formulate it throughout evaluation
- Clinical reasoning process used to interpret problem list, make appropriate recommendations related to driving
- Referral, re-assessment considerations
- Process of completing clinical evaluation in CODE-CCDE software, preparing client for BTW assessment
- Resources for clients, their families on alternative transportation options
Continuing Education & Competence Units (CEU/CCUs)
If you do not see your State here as a current approved provider, please contact Cara Harman OTD, OTR/L and we will contact your State organization for more information on approval.
Click to expand:
Approvals by State and Discipline: | |
---|---|
Alabama OT (No pre-approval required) Alabama PT (No pre-approval required) | Nebraska OT (No pre-approval required) Nebraska PT (Approved by the APTA Nebraska) |
Alaska OT (No pre-approval required) Alaska PT (no pre-approval required) | Nevada OT (No pre-approval required) Nevada PT (Approved by the Nevada PT board) |
Arizona OT (No pre-approval required) Arizona PT (No pre-approval required) | New Hampshire OT (No pre-approval required) New Hampshire PT (No pre-approval required) |
Arkansas OT (No pre-approval required) Arkansas PT (No pre-approval required) | New Jersey OT (Does not currently require CEUs) New Jersey PT (No pre-approval required) |
California OT (No pre-approval required) California PT (Approved by CPTA) | New Mexico OT (Approved by The New Mexico Board of Examiners for OT) New Mexico PT( Approved by The NM Board of Physical Therapy) |
Colorado OT (No pre-approval required) Colorado PT (No pre-approval required) | New York OT (Approved by the NYSOTA) New York PT (Approved by the APTA NY) |
Connecticut OT (No pre-approval required) Connecticut PT (No pre-approval required) | North Carolina OT (NCBOT does not require pre-approval of this course) North Carolina PT (Approved by the NC Board of PT Examiners) |
Delaware OT (Approved by The DE Occupational Therapy Board) Delaware PT | North Dakota OT (No pre-approval required) North Dakota PT (No pre-approval required) |
Florida PT (No pre-approval required) Florida OT (Approved by FOTA) | Ohio OT(Approved by Ohio Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Athletic Trainers Board) Ohio PT (Approved by the OPTA) |
Georgia OT (Approved by GOTA) Georgia PT (Approved by APTA GA) | Oklahoma OT (Approved by the OK Board of Medical Licensure and Supervision- OT) Oklahoma PT (No pre-approval required) |
Hawaii PT (No pre-approval required) Hawaii OT (No CEU’s required) | Oregon OT (No pre-approval required) Oregon PT (No pre-approval required) |
Idaho OT (No pre-approval required) Idaho PT (No pre-approval required) | Pennsylvania OT (No pre-approval required) Pennsylvania PT (No pre-approval required) |
Illinois OT (Approved by ILOTA) Illinois PT (ONLY approved for online modules AND for 8 hours of credit) | Rhode Island OT (No pre-approval required) Rhode Island PT (Approved by the APTA RI) |
Indiana OT (Approved by IOTA) Indiana PT (Approved by APTA Indiana) | South Carolina OT (No pre-approval required) South Carolina PT (approved by APTA South Carolina) |
Iowa OT (No pre-approval required) Iowa PT (No pre-approval required) | South Dakota OT (No pre-approval required) South Dakota PT (No pre-approval required) |
Kansas OT (Approved by KOTA) Kansas PT (Approved by APTA Kansas for 7.9 credits) | Tennessee OT (No pre-approval required) Tennessee PT (Approved by the APTA TN) |
Kentucky OT (Approved by the KY Board of Licensure for OT) Kentucky PT (No pre-approval required) | Texas OT (No pre-approval required) Texas PT (Approved by the TPTA) |
Louisiana OT (Only approved by LOTA for live/in-person courses) Louisiana PT (Approved by the LA PT Board in 2024) | Utah OT (No pre-approval required) Utah PT (No pre-approval required) |
Maine OT (No pre-approval required) Maine PT (Does not require CEUs currently) | Vermont OT (Approved by the VT Office of Professional Regulation) Vermont PT (No pre-approval required) |
Maryland OT (Approved by the Maryland Board of OT Practice) Maryland PT (No pre-approval required) | Virginia OT (Approved by the VOTA) Virginia PT (Approved by the APTA VA) |
Massachusetts OT (Approved by MAOT) Massachusetts PT (Approved by the APTA MA) | Washington OT (No pre-approval required) Washington PT (No pre-approval required) |
Michigan OT (No pre-approval required) Michigan PT (Approved by APTA Michigan) | Washington DC OT Washington DC PT |
Minnesota OT (No pre-approval required) Minnesota PT (Approved by MN-BPT for 8 credits) | West Virginia OT (No pre-approval required) West Virginia PT (Approved by the WV Board of PT in 2024) |
Mississippi OT (No pre-approval required) Mississippi PT (No pre-approval required) | Wisconsin OT (Approved by the WOTA) Wisconsin PT (Approved by the APTA Wisconsin) |
Missouri OT (No pre-approval required) Missouri PT (Approved by the MPTA) | Wyoming OT (No pre-approval required) Wyoming PT (No pre-approval required) |
Montana OT (Approved by the MOTA) Montana PT (No pre-approval required) | |
OTs - Meets State Requirements for CEU/CCUs; pre-approval is NOT required for:
PTs - Meets State Requirements for CEU/CCUs; pre-approval is NOT required for:
What does the course entail?
This course will guide you through the steps of a comprehensive clinical driver evaluation for Tier I patients, meaning these patients will not require adaptive equipment. Specifically the modules will provide valuable information on the cognitive, visual, perceptual, behavioral and physical limitations that may impact driving performance. It will also focus on evaluating common medical conditions impacting driving safety without the need to modify a vehicle such as dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and CVA. This course will NOT provide information on car modifications or adaptive equipment options.
Agenda? Online modules are available at the participants own leisure
Total Number of Contact Hours? Ten (10.0) hours of direct OT/PT related clinical education and patient care training
Level and Audience? Introductory or intermediate level occupational and physical therapists (Including OT/PT students, professors, and practitioners with any level of experience in the field)
What equipment is required for a driver evaluation?
The clinical evaluation requires minimal equipment to assess the driver. Many of the assessments are done using printed materials or standard therapy equipment, such as a goniometer and Snellen Chart. Some specialty tools like the Optec vision screener can make the evaluation easier and more efficient for the clinician to assess vision in real-time. However, clinics lacking this resource can still provide the service, but the clinician should recommend an ophthalmology evaluation for patients with advanced vision problems, such as field cuts, to ensure they meet minimum vision standards for driving before referring the patient for the on-road assessment. You can access cognitive assessment tools in our database, including the SLUMS, Short Blessed Test, Trail Making Part A and B, along with resources for scoring/norming.
Is a car necessary for clinical driver evaluations?
No, the clinical evaluation focuses solely on performing assessments in a clinic or the patient’s home. The clinical evaluation is the first step in the process of the comprehensive driving evaluation and is meant to identify any issues that could affect driving performance. Once the clinical evaluation is complete, the clinician refers the patient to the on-road evaluation provider, who performs the in-car driving portion of the comprehensive driving evaluation.
In what settings can driving evaluations be conducted?
Primarily, clinical driver evaluations occur in OT/PT outpatient clinics. However, this training is valuable for inpatient, acute care, and home-based therapists to address their patient’s driving goals and identify warning signs of driving safety. Clinicians can learn how to screen patients effectively before recommending a formal clinical driver evaluation.
Payment Due Dates and Mode of Payment?
For all training methods offered: Payment is due upon initial signup and before attending the class
Credit cards, checks and cash are accepted for in person classes
Cancellation/Refund Policy?
Participants may request a full refund at any time prior to the class. HOWEVER, once the class has started, regardless of the method, no refund shall be offered. If a participant has an emergency or desires to start where they left off in any class, their tuition shall be good for up to one year from the start date.
How long are the modules in the training?
Each module will require a different amount of time to complete. Once you sign up and start the course, the estimated amount of time you will spend on each module will be shown above the slide. This time does not take into consideration the amount of time you will spend answering the in-line exam prep questions. Please note* The timer will turn off if you are looking at another tab instead of the videos and it will turn off when you exit out of the modules*
For the self paced modules, can I exit out and pick up where I left off?
Yes– you will not lose credit for the completed sections OR the time you have spent on the modules when you exit out. While we do recommend finishing each module in one sitting, if you must stop in the middle of a module, please write down the slide number you will pick up on. This is important as the specific slide you end on will not be displayed when re-opening the webpage.
Do I have to pass an exam to get credit?
Yes– There are two 50 question exams based on content directly from the modules. You must score >70% to move on to the second half of the course AND in order to get credit for completion of the course. You will have 2 attempts for each exam to pass. If you do not pass after the second attempt, then you must retake the modules.
My state is listed as “no- pre approval required”, what does this mean?
According to your state organization or board, this course should be acceptable based on their guidelines. For example, many PT states do not require pre-approval if it is approved by another APTA state chapter. Like many PT states, some OT states also do not pre- approve courses and others share reciprocity with other states organizations for CEU courses. If you are ever in doubt, please check with your state board.
Inpatient and Outpatient Rehabilitation
Georgia
Outpatient Rehabilitation
Louisiana
Inpatient Rehabilitation
Georgia
Inpatient Rehabilitation and Pediatrics
North Carolina
Inpatient Rehabilitation
Richmond VA Medical Center
Cara Harman, OTD, OTR/L
CODE-CCDE Director of Clinical
Research and Development
Cara graduated Summa Cum Laude from Virginia Tech in 2018 with an Honors degree and Bachelor of Science in Psychology. Following this accomplishment, she received her Doctorate in Occupational Therapy with honors from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 2021.
Her journey began at Emory Healthcare in Atlanta, Georgia, where she currently serves as the outpatient OT neurological rehab leader, continuing her dedicated practice. Each day, Cara provides care to patients with a wide range of neurological and orthopedic conditions, and she is the sole therapist conducting clinical driver evaluations at Emory Decatur.
Cara’s clinical practice experience spans various neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, ALS, MS, MD, CVA, SCI, TBI, neuropathy, amputations, congenital deformities, cerebral palsy, ADHD, ASD, and learning disabilities. Additionally, she evaluates and treats orthopedic injuries and conditions of the upper extremity, including arthritis, fractures, nerve injuries, and various forms of tendonitis.
In 2020, Cara received training to perform clinical driving evaluations at the VCU Neuroscience, Orthopaedic & Wellness (NOW) Center in Richmond, Virginia. Since 2021, she has been offering clinical driver evaluations to patients of all ages at Emory Healthcare. Her passion for education has led her to deliver numerous in-services and presentations in Atlanta, and was also asked to present on clinical driving evaluations at both the Georgia and Alabama Occupational Therapy Association conferences in 2023.
Beyond her role at Emory Healthcare, Cara has been making significant contributions to Barber’s Driving School since 2022. As a part-time team member, she plays a vital role in leading training sessions for both behind-the-wheel instructors and therapists. Additionally, in her capacity as the Director of Clinical Research and Development, she is dedicated to implementing best practices and evidence-based assessment tools for driving evaluations, ensuring the highest quality of care for all individuals with diverse diagnoses and across all age groups. In acknowledgment of Cara’s steadfast dedication to her Atlanta community and the state of Georgia, the Georgia Occupational Therapy Association (GOTA) proudly named her the OT Practitioner of the Year for 2023.
Moreover, Cara’s collaborative efforts extend beyond the boundaries of Georgia. Working with various driving schools in multiple US states, she continues to advance her mission of delivering a holistic approach to comprehensive driving evaluations. Through her unwavering dedication, she ensures that individuals seeking driving evaluations receive the utmost care, tailored to their specific needs and conditions.
Dustin Abram, OTR/L, CDRS
CODE-CCDE Research & Development
Trainer
Dustin graduated Cum Laude from American Public University with a BA in psychology and earned his MS in Occupational Therapy from Brenau University in 2018. Dustin is a nationally certified occupational therapist and is licensed in the state of Georgia. He discovered a passion for driving as a student in graduate school during his internship, and he began his career in a community-based driver rehabilitation setting. Dustin has extensive education and training in the field of driver rehabilitation and earned national recognition through the Association of Driver Rehabilitation Specialists (ADED) to become a Certified Driver Rehabilitation Specialist (CDRS) in 2020. Dustin combines his experience as a certified driving instructor with his unique occupational therapy skills to deliver exceptional, personalized care, helping individuals achieve their driving goals with confidence. He has been instrumental in assisting countless individuals with driving challenges due to age-related changes or medical conditions since 2018.
Dustin is a natural entrepreneur and visionary strategist with proven business development skills through the companies he has founded, including Prosper Therapy Services and Elite Driver Rehab. Dustin serves as Prosper Therapy’s Chief Business Officer, and he is President of Elite Driver Rehab, where he continues to provide driver rehabilitation services for people throughout Georgia. He is passionate about learning and passing on his knowledge by teaching others. Dustin has been involved in numerous lectures and educational presentations related to driver rehabilitation, and has been involved in several driving safety initiatives, such as the Georgia Older Driver Task Force and CarFit. He is also an active member of professional associations including the Association for Driver Rehabilitation Specialists (ADED) and Georgia Occupational Therapy Association (GOTA). Dustin began working for Barber’s Driving School in 2022, where he assisted in the research and development of training courses for the CODE-CCDE program. Dustin serves as a trainer and managing partner in the CODE-CCDE program, where he utilizes his experience and expertise as a Certified Driver Rehabilitation Specialist to support clinical staff and driving instructors.